书摘 8 lonely a.孤独的,寂寞的 When his wife died,he was very lonely.妻子去世后,他很孤独。 【辨析】lonely与lone,alone:均有孤独的意思。alone既可作形容词,也可作副词用,无褒贬意义;lone和lonely只作形容词。其中,lone无比较级和 最高级,而lonely有比较级lonelier和最高级loneliest。lonely富有感情色彩,有“愁闷”、“渴望伴侣”和“有孤独感”的意思。如: She reads a lot when she’S alone.她独自一人时,总是看书。 The house stands alone on a hill.这座房子孤零零地坐落在山上。 Sometimes I feel lonely when I am alone in the house.有时只剩下我一个人在屋的时候我感到寂寞。 9 enormous a.巨大的,庞大的,非常大的 an enormous tower巨大的塔 an enormous amount of money大量的金钱 【辨析】enormous,immense,vast:都有“巨大的”意思。enormous指体积、数量或程度远远超过一般标准;immense指大得无边无际,有不可量之意; vast指区域、范围、视野的宽广。如: the vast area广阔的区域 the immense space浩瀚无际的宇宙 【派生词】enormously ad.巨大地,庞大地,极大地 enormously rich巨富 enormousness n.巨大,庞大 the enormousness of building巨大建筑物 10 heroic a.英雄的,英勇的 heroic deeds英雄事迹 The young man was very heroic and caught the murderer.那年轻人非常英勇,抓住了凶手。 【派生词】hero n.英雄,英雄人物,男主人公,男主角 Napoleon is one of the national heroes of France.拿破仑是法国的民族英雄之一。 Who is the hero of this story?这故事的男主角是谁? heroism n.英雄主义,英雄气概,非凡勇气 It was an act of heroism to go back into the burning building.返回正在燃烧的大楼内,这是一种英雄行为。 11 margin 72.边缘,界限;余地;页边空白 He drove the cattle to the margin of the stream.他将牛群赶到溪边。 to allow/leave a wide margin for error预留一个充裕的误差余地 to make notes in the margin of a book在书的页边空白上批注 【派生词】marginal a.栏外的,页边的;不重要的,少量的 marginal notes旁注 The new law will cause a marginal increase in the COSt of tiving新的法律将导致生活费用轻微上涨。 12 truly ad真正地,真实地,事实上 That’s fl truly wonderful plan.那是一项真正了不起的计划。 She didn’t speak truly.她未说实话。 【派生词】true a.真的,真实的,真正的,忠实的 a true story真实故事 true love真实的爱 The translation is true to the original.这篇译文忠实于原文。 truth n.真理,真相,真实性 Truth needs not many words[谚]真理无须多言。 Tell me the truth.请告诉我真相。 I don’t doubt the truth of the information.我不怀疑资料的真实性。 13 at least至少;无论如何 It will cost at least six dollars.那至少要6美元。 The food wasn’t good,but at least it was cheap.这食品不好,但不管怎么说还算是便宜的。 14 nolonger(用于否定、疑问句中)不再,已不(El语中通常用not...anylonger) He no longer lives here.他不再住在这里了。 也可说He doesn’t live here anv 10nger. 二、课文疑难句注解 1 Men’s conception of themselves and of each other has always depended on their notion of the earth. 人类对自身及相互之间的看法总是取决于他们对地球的认识。 (1)of themselves和of each other是由and连接的两个并列成分,修饰men’s conception,指人类对自身及相互之间的看法。 (2)短语depend on/upon取决于·…一,依靠,依赖,指望。例如: Our success depends on whether everyone works hard or not.我们的成功取决于每个人是否努力工作。 He depended on his parents for his school fees.他依靠父母亲提供学费。 I depend on you to finish the work.我指望你完成这项工作。 2 When the earth was the World—all the world there was—and the stars were light in heaven,and the ground beneath men’s feet roofed hell,they saw themselves as creatures at the center of the universe,the sole particular concern of God—and from that high place they ruled and killed and conquered as they pleased. 当人们认为地球是世界——惟一的世界——星星天堂之光,脚下的土地是地狱的顶盖时,人类把自己视为宇宙中心的灵物,上帝惟一特别关注的群体——他们高高在上,统治、屠杀并随心所欲地进行征服。 句中When the earth was the World .and the stars were light in heaven,and the ground beneath men’s feet roofed hell作时间状语,all the world there was作插入语,句子的主句是由and连接的两个并列分句,其中第一个分句they saw ……