西方人文历史名著导读(21世纪高等院校人文素质教育丛书)(The arts English reader)

《西方人文历史名著导读》（The Arts English Reader）是21世纪高等院校人文素质教育丛书之一，专门为高等院校英语及文史哲专业编写的教材，适用于英语本科专业的阅读课程和文史哲专业的专业英语课程。
《西方人文历史名著导读》按照专业特点，以历史时代和西方文化发展为主线，兼虑文体难易，来编排篇目次序。课文共三个部分：古代部分、中世纪部分和近现代部分，共收23篇，皆精选自西方政治家、文学家和历史学家的经典英文译著和英文原著，其时代范围包括古代希腊罗马、中世纪西欧和近现代欧美；其内容包括政治、经济、文化、哲学和宗教；其文体涉及演说、对话、传记、论文、剧本、文件和通史等。精读本教材后，不但可以接触不同时代、不同文体、不同风格的文史哲作品，而且对西方政治传统和文化的演变有比较全面的了解。

第一部分 古代部分
　1 Thucydides修昔底德
　2 Socrates苏格拉底
　3 Sophocles索福克勒斯
　4 Plato柏拉图
　5 Aristotle亚里士多德
　6 Cicero西塞罗
第二部分 中世纪部分
　7 Augustine of Hippo奥古斯丁
　8 Thomas Aquinas阿奎那
　9 Pico della Mirandola米兰多拉
　10 Machiavelli马基雅维利
　11 Martin Luther马丁•路德
　12 Galileo Galilei伽利略
　13 Francis Bacon弗兰西斯•培根
　14 Rene Descartes笛卡儿
第三部分 近现代部分
　15 Thomas Hobbes托玛斯•霍布斯
　16 John Locke洛克
　17 Voltaire伏尔泰
　18 Jean-Jacques Rousseau卢梭
　19 Johann Wolfgang Goethe歌德
　20 John Stuart Mill米勒
　21 Charles Darwin马克思
　22 Sigmund Freud达尔文
　Reference 参考书目

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《西方人文历史名著导读》(The Arts English Reader)是为高等院校英语及文史哲专业编写的教材，适用于本科英语专业学生、文史哲专业学生、研究生和对世界文化历史感兴趣的学者。
本教材课文共三个部分：古代部分、中世纪部分和近现代部分，共收23篇，皆精选自西方政治家、文学家、和历史学家的经典英文译著和英文原著，其时代范围包括古代希腊罗马、中世纪西欧和近现代欧美；其内容包括政治、经济，文化、哲学和宗教；其文体涉及演说、对话、传记、论文、剧本、丈件和通史等。学生精读本教材后，不但可以接触不同时代、不同文体、不同风格的丈史哲作品，而且对西方政治传统和文化的演变有比较全面的了解。
每篇课文均由五个部分构成：课文导读( Reading Prelude)、原文节选(Text Extract)、难点注释(Explanations)、课堂问题与讨论(Classroom Activities and Seminar)、课外写作练习(Homework)等。课文导读部分对原著的历史背景和作者的主要观点及其主要著作作了扼要的评叙，以帮助学生理解，吸取文化知识。对课文中涉及的历史人物、历史事件、地理名词、以及难以在词典中查到的专业词汇，在难点注释部分里作了注释。每课课文后都设计了课堂活动( Classroom Activities)的问答题和课堂研讨(Seminar)的主题，要求学生用英文解答和参与主题演讲。

Reading Prelude
Thucydides was an Athenian general and historian. He is known for his History of the Pelloponesian War,the struggle between Athens and Sparta (431－404 BC). His emphasis on accuracy and his impartial attitude in reporting events and drawing conclusions won him the title "father of scientific history".
Thucydides believed that studying events of the past could help men understand similar events in the future and perhaps avoid similar mistakes. He saw and reported the greed of power as the underlying cause of this war. Thucydides included facts he knew to be true, either from his own experience of the war or from interviews with persons who had participated in other actions. In his History of the Pelloponesian War, we find not only an exacting account of the details of the conflict, but also his own detailed analysis of human nature, as a means of understanding why events happen as they do.
The famous "Funeral Speech of Pericles" is extracted from Book Vl. In spite of the fact that this speech was delivered at the annual public funeral ceremony in 431 BC honoring all Athenian soldiers who had died that year in the war against the Spartans (whom Pericles refers to as the Lacedaemonian), it does not say much about the dead. Instead, Pericles' oration overflows with praise for Athenian power and national character. He praises the freedom of the individual enjoyed by Athenian citizens, and he celebrates Athens' destiny to be an example and an "education" to other Greek cities. While reading the extract, please notice the things to which Thucydides/Pericles attributes Athenian greatness and the many civic virtues of individual Athenian citizens.

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